Everything about Samuel Blatchford totally explained
Samuel Blatchford (
March 9,
1820–
July 7,
1893) was an
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from
April 3,
1882 until his death.
Early life
Blatchford was born in
Auburn,
New York, where his father was a well known
attorney and friend of
Daniel Webster. He was educated at
Columbia College, graduating when he was 17 years old. In 1840, he served as the private secretary to Governor
William H. Seward.
Legal career
Blatchford studied law while working for the governor and then entered into private practice with his father and uncle. In 1854, he moved to
New York City and started a law firm, Blatchford, Seward & Griswold, now known as
Cravath, Swaine & Moore. He became well known for preparing summaries of
United States circuit court cases, serving for a time as
reporter of decisions for the Circuit Court in New York, and developed a lucrative practice in
admiralty law.
In May 1867,
President Andrew Johnson appointed Blatchford to be a judge of the
United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Eleven years later, President
Rutherford B. Hayes promoted Blatchford to serve as a Circuit Court judge in New York.
In 1882, Blatchford was appointed to the
Supreme Court of the United States by President
Chester A. Arthur after two other candidates,
Senator George F. Edmunds and former Senator
Roscoe Conkling, declined. Blatchford thus became the first person to serve at all three levels of the federal judiciary—as a District Judge, a Circuit Judge, and a Supreme Court Justice. When he became a Justice on March 13, 1882, it was estimated that his personal wealth exceeded $3 million, mostly held in real estate.
Blatchford was an expert in
admiralty law and
patent law, and authored
Blatchford and Howland's Admiralty Cases, which was considered the most complete work of its kind. During his eleven-year tenure on the High Court he wrote 430 opinions and two dissents. His most noteworthy opinions,
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Co. v. Minnesota, and
Budd v. People of New York, were roundly criticized for their apparently contradictory conclusions about due process under the
Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.
Blatchford served as a trustee of
Columbia College and enjoyed collecting calendars, almanacs and salt shakers. He married Caroline Frances Appleton in Boston in
1844. They had one son, Samuel Appleton Blatchford. Blatchford died in
1893 in
Newport, Rhode Island, at age seventy-three.
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